Abstract
Total activities due to the ingestion of 131I were evaluated in different compartments of the human body of patients. It has been shown that the 131I activity in urine of patients increases when the 131I uptake decreases which could represent a source of radiation for their relatives when they leave hospitals. A new dosimetric model based on the specific beta-dose concept was developed for evaluating committed equivalent doses to thyroid due to 131I uptake by different age groups of patients. Data obtained are in good agreement with those obtained by using the ICRP model for iodine. Committed equivalent dose to the thyroid gland is influenced by the mass of thyroid, 131I uptake and energy of the emitted beta particles. In addition, 131I uptake was measured by using a gamma camera and committed equivalent doses to the thyroid gland of female patients from the ingestion of 131I for the treatment of hyperthyroidism diseases were evaluated. Data obtained by using our model and the ICRP ingestion dose coefficients are in good agreement with each other.
Highlights
Radioiodine 131I is successfully utilized in nuclear medicine for the treatment of hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer [1]
131I is produced in nuclear reactors by bombarding natural tellurium metal (127Te) by neutrons; it disintegrates by emitting β- particles with a half-life of 8.04 days to unstable xenon 131Xe* which decays to stable xenon (131Xe) by emitting gamma photons of different energies and intensities [2]. 131I is widely used for diagnostic [3] and therapeutic [4] purposes
131I activity was calculated in different compartments of the body of different age groups of patients
Summary
Radioiodine 131I is successfully utilized in nuclear medicine for the treatment of hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer [1]. This radioisotope emits beta minus particles used for the treatment and gamma photons used for diagnosis. Due to the short range of beta minus particles in tissue, damaging effects of beta radiation is restricted to thyroid cells. A major part of the administered radioiodine will concentrate in the thyroid gland; the emitted β- particles of short ranges will only damage thyroid cells without any harmful health effects to the neighboring organ tissues. The emitted gamma rays may cause radiation damage to other tissues of the patients and other individuals [10]. Beta-emitting 131I is often the radionuclide chosen for these treatments, the associated gamma emission exposes
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