DETERMINATION OF ABRASION RESISTANCE OF DENTAL MATERIALS USED FOR DIRECT AND INDIRECT RESTORATIONS OF TEETH OF THE FRONTAL GROUP

Abstract

Introduction. Tooth restorations fabricated of any material carry multiple loads in the oral cavity. The ability of restoration materials to resist the forces of shear, bending, and abrasion without losing their functional and aesthetic properties is a valuable factor on which the choice of a dentist and a patient will depend on the stage of coordinating the type and material of restoration. Objectives. Determination of the abrasion resistance of samples of dental restoration materials: light composite resin samples EsthetX (Dentsply-Sirona), feldspatic ceramics EX3 (Noritake), ceramics based on leucite glass IPS Empress Esthetic (Ivoclar Vivadent). Materials and methods. To carry out the corresponding experiment, plates 10 × 10 mm in size and 1 mm thick were prepared from the tested restoration materials. Before testing, the samples were degreased with ethyl alcohol and their density was determined by hydrostatic weighing. Samples of plates (composite or ceramic) were fixed on plates of organic glass. Abrasion of the samples was determined by 200 revolutions of the volcanic disk. At the end of the elongated shoulder of the lever suspended the load, selected so that the shoulder of the lever was in the test in a horizontal position. After testing, the samples were weighed again. Results. Ceramic based on leucite glass has the most optimal parameters from the specific gravity and abrasion resistance. structures made of this material will have a significantly lower weight compared to feldspar ceramics (apr. 43.1% lighter), and 14.2% composite resin material with the same restoration thicknesses. Conclusions. Expluatation of restorations made of leucite glass, according to the experiments, will also be a more extended due to the high abrasion resistance of leucite glass in comparison with the light curing composite resin (17.5% higher), and 77.5% higher comparing to feldspatic ceramics.