Abstract
Background: Dimension and location of pulp chamber are important during access cavity preparation. It allows clinician in instruments selection, orientation and depth of cutting during the process. Analysis of these has been done in preoperative intraoral periapical radiograph that gives two-dimensional image. The radiograph has been blamed now and then for the inaccurate results and iatrogenic damage occurred due to the inaccurate results. Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) provides three-dimensional images and is taken as standard. Hence the aim of the study is to compare intra-oral periapical (IOPA) radiograph and CBCT to determine the landmarks for accurate results
 Methods: 50 intact two-rooted maxillary first premolars were collected and numbered. Periapical radiograph Images and CBCT images of these 50 teeth were taken and divided as; Group I: 50 IOPAR and Group II: 50 CBCT images. Landmarks marking and measurement was done using tracing paper and x-ray viewer for IOPA images and Planmeca Romexis software for CBCT images. Data were collected and analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics by using Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) software version 16.
 Results: The averages of group I are 7.44, 10.23mm 14.33mm, 4.1mm, 6.89mm and 2.79mm respectively. The averages of in group II are 6.95mm, 9.58mm, 14.03mm, 4.45mm, 7.07mm and 2.63mm respectively. There is statistically significant difference in measurement A and measurement B between group I and group II.
 Conclusions: This indicates that there are chances of overestimation of measurement A and B with IOPAR.
Highlights
The importance of access cavity has been mentioned as ‘the gateway of root canal’.1 Conservative access cavity further enhances the fracture resistance of the tooth.[2,3]
Analysis of dimension and location of pulp cavity has been carried from the early days with preoperative intra-oral periapical (IOPA) radiograph,[5] which gives two-dimensional image of threedimensional object
The mean comparisons of six measurements between IOPA and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) groups were done by independent t-test. p-value of < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant
Summary
The importance of access cavity has been mentioned as ‘the gateway of root canal’.1 Conservative access cavity further enhances the fracture resistance of the tooth.[2,3]. Knowing dimension and location of pulp cavity during access cavity preparation helps clinician in instruments selection, orientation and depth of cutting during preparation.[1,4] Analysis of dimension and location of pulp cavity has been carried from the early days with preoperative intra-oral periapical (IOPA) radiograph,[5] which gives two-dimensional image of threedimensional object. There has been number of studies that show dimension taken from radiograph varies considerably, due to which access cavity preparation may be compromised, and iatrogenic damages may occur. Dimension and location of pulp chamber are important during access cavity preparation It allows clinician in instruments selection, orientation and depth of cutting during the process. Analysis of these has been done in preoperative intraoral periapical radiograph that gives two-dimensional image. The aim of the study is to compare intra-oral periapical (IOPA) radiograph and CBCT to determine the landmarks for accurate results
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