Abstract
BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death among infectious agents, ranking above HIV/AIDS. Though much effort has been done, Ethiopia remained one of those countries which share the greatest burden of TB. Evaluating the TB treatment outcome is one method of TB control measures. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to assess TB treatment outcome and its determinants under directly observed treatment short courses in Adama City, Central Ethiopia.MethodAn institutional based cross sectional study was conducted in all public and private health facilities of Adama city from March 1st 2016 to December 31st, 2016. The data were entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 21.0 statistical software. The results were presented using descriptive statistics. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression model was used to evaluate the potential determinants of unsuccessful treatment outcome.ResultsAmong 281 patients evaluated, 90(32%) were cured, 137(48.8%) have completed the treatment, 4(1.4%) were treatment failure, 36(12.8%) were lost to follow up, and 14 (5%) died. The overall treatment success rate was 80.8%. Age 15–24 (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 4.97; 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.13–21.90), distance less than 5 kilometers from treatment center (AOR: 3.1; 95% CI: 1.42–6.77), being seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (AOR: 20.38; 95% CI: 7.80–53.24) were associated with successful TB treatment outcome.ConclusionThe treatment outcome of all forms tuberculosis patients in Adama city was unsatisfactory when referred with the national pooled estimate of 86% and WHO 2030 international target of ≥90%. Thus, enhancing client supervision, treatment monitoring; and working on provision TB treatment services at nearby health facilities should be a priority concern to improve the success rate of treatment outcome. Further studies are also recommended to explore important factors which were not examined by current study.
Highlights
Tuberculosis (TB) is an old disease which remains the top cause of death as a single infectious disease despite the availability of effective diagnosis tool and treatment
Age 15–24 (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 4.97; 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.13–21.90), distance less than 5 kilometers from treatment center (AOR: 3.1; 95% CI: 1.42–6.77), being seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (AOR: 20.38; 95% CI: 7.80–53.24) were associated with successful TB treatment outcome
The treatment outcome of all forms tuberculosis patients in Adama city was unsatisfactory when referred with the national pooled estimate of 86% and World Health Organization (WHO) 2030 international target
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) is an old disease which remains the top cause of death as a single infectious disease despite the availability of effective diagnosis tool and treatment. It is mainly caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. According to WHO TB report, 20 countries share 85% of all estimated TB cases worldwide and Ethiopia falls under this category which indicates high TB burden in the country [4,5,6]. Ethiopia is one of the 30 high TB, TB/HIV and multi-drug resistant (MDR-TB) burden countries in the world with more than 126,000 reported cases in 2016.; and despite achieving a treatment success rate of more than 90 percent, 30 percent of cases remain undetected [7]. The aim of the current study was to assess TB treatment outcome and its determinants under directly observed treatment short courses in Adama City, Central Ethiopia
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