Determinants of Outcomes Among Patients Who Presented with Covid-19 to a Southeast Michigan Hospital

Abstract

Background & Objectives: Race plays an important role in healthcare disparities often resulting in worse health outcomes. It is unclear if the interactions of other patient factors and race may influence mortality in patients with COVID-19. We aimed to evaluate how multiple determinants of all-cause in-hospital mortality from COVID-19 were linked to race. Methods: A retrospective observational study conducted at two hospitals in Detroit, Michigan. We identified patients age ≥ 18 who had tested positive for COVID-19 and were admitted between March 9 through May 16, 2020. A multivariable logistic regression was performed assessing predictors of all-cause in-hospital mortality in COVID-19. Results: We identified 1064 unique patients, 74% were African Americans (AA). The all-cause in-hospital mortality was 21.7% with majority of deaths seen in AA (65.4%, p=0.002) and patients 80 years or older (52%, p80 year-old), dementia and CKD were associated with worse all-cause in-hospital mortality. Conclusion: Gender significantly modified the association of race and COVID-19 mortality. African American females had the lowest all-cause in-hospital mortality risk compared to other gender-race groups.Funding: None to declare. Declaration of Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.Ethics Approval Statement:This study was submitted to and approval by Ascension Providence Hospital Institutional Review Board.