Abstract
Objective: The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence, associated factors and quality of high blood pressure (HBP) management in three regions of Benin in 2015. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study, with two components. The first component included adults aged from 18 to 69 years, selected using a three-stage random sampling within the households. Data were collected thanks to the French version of the WHO STEPS instrument. Anthropometric data, including blood pressure, capillary fasting glucose and total cholesterol were measured according to standard procedures. The second component included Public Health Centers (PHC) selected by a random stratified multi-stage sampling. Data were collected on the structures and the processes of HBP management using the standardized tool for assessing the capacities of management of non-communicable diseases in peripheral health centers provided by the World Health Organization. Results: A total of 4816 participants were included in the first component. The mean age was 35.8 ± 12.7 years. The weighted prevalence of HBP was 27.9% (95% Confidence Interval (CI) [25.6 - 30.2]). It was higher in the 60 - 69 years compared to the lower age groups (Adjusted Odd-ratio (ORa) = 5; 95% CI [3.9 - 6.5)]). HBP was positively associated with urban residence (ORa = 1.26; 95% CI [1.24 - 1.28]), obesity (ORa = 1.46; 95% CI [1.43 - 1.50]), hyperglycemia (ORa = 1.13; 95% CI [1.10 - 1.15)]) and hypercholesterolemia (ORa = 1.64; 95% CI [1.59 - 1.70)]). A total of 27 PHC were included in the second component. Taking blood pressure and other anthropometric measurements was not routine in PHC. Several essential medicines were not available in the PHC. A low level of community involvement in the management of HBP was noted. Conclusion: This study confirms the high prevalence of HBP and shows inadequacies in its management in the targeted PHC. More appropriate prevention and control measures for HBP should be implemented.
Highlights
High blood pressure (HBP) is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease
Data were collected on the structures and the processes of HBP management using the standardized tool for assessing the capacities of management of non-communicable diseases in peripheral health centers provided by the World Health Organization
The objective of this work was to determine the prevalence of HBP in 2015 among adults aged from 18 to 69 years living in the departments of Mono, Couffo and Donga, to identify associated factors and to assess the quality of HBP management in the PHC of these regions
Summary
High blood pressure (HBP) is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease. It is one of the leading causes of death in the world where it caused about 10 million deaths and 218 million disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2015 [1] [2]. In sub-Saharan Africa, few people know their blood pressure status and few hypertensive patients are under treatment [8] [9] [10] This may be due to inadequacies in the availability and accessibility of basic technologies and essential medicines in the health facilities, coupled with beliefs, low educational level and low economic status of some patients. Among the nine targets of the global plan of action for the fight against noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) 2013-2020, there are three directly linked to the treatment of HBP
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