Abstract
The objective of this paper is to develop a twodimensional numerical model to simulate the response of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) defect free timber members in order to predict the behaviour of these members when subjected to external forces. For this purpose, data of the mechanical properties of Scots pine were obtained by performing experimental tests on specimens. We determined the stresses and deformations of timber beams in the elastic-plastic and plastic phases. In addition, we developed a finite element software that considered the orthotropic nature of timber, the non-linearity of the compression-reduction branch and the differing moduli of elasticity in tension and compression for Scots pine beams free from defects. The software developed simulates an experimental four point bending test according to UNE-EN 408 Standard.
Highlights
Wood is an anisotropic material, with different properties in the three directions of the grain: axial, radial and tangential
The values that define the strain-stress curve of Scots pine timber of Spanish provenance are obtained from the tests performed on wood specimens free from defects
Because data of the modulus of elasticity in tension parallel to the grain could not be derived from experimental tests, we considered a number of Et,0/Ec,0 ratios to determine the modulus of elasticity in tension parallel to the grain
Summary
Wood is an anisotropic material, with different properties in the three directions of the grain: axial, radial and tangential. The tensile modulus of elasticity differs from the compressive modulus of elasticity. Values of ultimate strength and yield stress for Scots pine timber. Structural characterization studies based on current standards focus on the determination of the values required to allocate timber to a strength class assuming a linear elastic behaviour. For Scots pine, Hermoso et al, 2003 (2), carried out the mechanical characterization of Scots pine timber from different Spanish provenances in accordance with UNE-EN 408 (3), and determined the mechanical values for the corresponding strength class according to UNE-EN 384 (4) and UNE-EN 338 (5) standards. Fernández Golfín et al, 2003 (6), stablished the relationships between grade determining properties of Spanish Scots and Laricio pine structural timber. To determine failure modes beyond the modulus of fracture a numerical simulation analysis is required, such that the values of the elastic-plastic mechanical properties can be determined.
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