Abstract
This paper describes the use of different analytical techniques for detection of water borne pathogens. It discusses the brief information about the development of new diagnostic and monitoring techniques available and explains its important role in risk management of water related diseases. New techniques will aid development of strong early warning systems, reliable field diagnostics, treatments and more effective remediation of impacts from harmful microorganisms. The paper proposes that the future developments in signal detection and miniaturization technologies will provide real-time monitoring and diagnostics for rapid assessment of microbial pathogens.
Highlights
Water pollution seems to be inevitable consequence of urbanization and industrialization in developing and developed countries
Infantile diarrhea due to entropathogenic Escherichia coli has been reported in Delhi and Calcutta in 1997-1999 (Prasannan et al, 2001)
The feasibility of detection and identification of microorganisms from water can be conceptualized into two groups based on the types of target or diagnostic molecules: - phenotypic methods
Summary
Water pollution seems to be inevitable consequence of urbanization and industrialization in developing and developed countries. Regulation and risk assessment Health based targets provide the basis for the application of the National and International Standards for drinking water quality for community and household supplies. A safe supply of drinking water depends upon use of either protected water sources, or properly selected and operated series of interventions, use of appropriate treatment technologies capable of reducing pathogens and other contaminants and prevention of recontamination in distribution (Fig.). OECD’s expert working group examined approaches -Policy makers to be educated on research, development for establishing links between drinking water and infectious diseases, and new approaches to enhance current methods for surveillance and outbreak and availability of new technologies - Problems requiring risk assessment -Voluntary monitoring of activities by water utilities investigation, in particular the development of real-time. Few criteria have been recognized for the selection of indicator organisms (Payment, 1998):e.g.-
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