Abstract

Particles in the PM2.5 size range can enter the respiratory system and go to the lungs. Short-term health impacts from exposure to these microscopic particles include coughing, sneezing, runny nose, and breathing difficulties, as well as irritation of the eyes, nose, throat, and lungs. The lungs can be harmed by exposure to these minute particles, which can also raise the risk of heart disease and asthma. According to scientific studies, daily PM2.5 exposure increases are linked to an increase in mortality as well as cardiovascular and respiratory problems. Studies have shown that exposure to fine particulate matter for an extended period of time may also increase the risk of developing chronic bronchitis, reduce lung function, and raise the mortality rate from heart disease and lung cancer. Studies have shown that PM2.5 causes about 400,000 preterm deaths every year in EU countries. Significant links between long-term PM 2.5 exposure and both Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease have been found. Indoor and outdoor sources are the two main sources of fine particles. external sources. mostly from the exhausts of cars, trucks, buses, and off-road vehicles. Tobacco smoke, cooking fires, burning candles, etc. are examples of indoor sources of fine particles.

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