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Abstract
Freshwater crayfish, which are cultivated in aquaculture, are economically important for food and ornamental purposes. However, relatively few studies have focused on potentially pathogenic viruses in crayfish compared to in penaeid shrimp. Commodity red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus; 400 crayfish in 10 batches) and red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii; 40 crayfish in 2 batches) imported into South Korea from Indonesia and China were screened by PCR to detect infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV or Decapod penstylhamaparvovirus 1). IHHNV was detected in tissue samples pooled from nine out of ten batches of red claw crayfish imported from Indonesia. Phylogenetic analysis of PCR amplicons from representative pools clustered the IHHNV strain with infectious-type II sequences commonly detected in Southeast Asian countries rather than with type III strains detected previously in whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) cultured in South Korea. IHHNV DNA was detected most frequently in the muscle (eight batches, 66.7% samples), followed by in the hepatopancreas (five batches, 41.7% samples) and gills tissue (three batches, 25.0% samples). These data suggest that red claw crayfish could be a potential carrier of the virus and that quarantine procedures must be strengthened in South Korea to avoid importing infectious types of IHHNV in commodity crustaceans such as red claw crayfish.
Highlights
The red claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus is a large, highly productive, and rapidly growing freshwater decapod crustacean that can live in diverse environments [1]
We investigated the potential presence of IHHNV in commodity red claw crayfish and red swamp crayfish purchased from Korean fishery markets but originally imported from foreign countries (Indonesia and China) using conventional PCR and phylogenetic analysis
Frozen C. quadricarinatus imported from Indonesia (400 crayfish in 10 batches, approximately 15–48 g) and P. clarkii imported from China (40 crayfish in 2 batches, approximately 52–63 g) were purchased from 9 retail fish markets in South Korea (Table 1)
Summary
The red claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus is a large, highly productive, and rapidly growing freshwater decapod crustacean that can live in diverse environments [1]. Since the mid-1980s, red claw crayfish aquaculture has grown rapidly in tropical and sub-tropical regions including South Africa, Zimbabwe, Japan, America, China, and Chile [2]. Interest in both aquaculture and aquarium trade has resulted in the species being translocated worldwide [3]. We investigated the potential presence of IHHNV in commodity red claw crayfish and red swamp crayfish purchased from Korean fishery markets but originally imported from foreign countries (Indonesia and China) using conventional PCR and phylogenetic analysis
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