Abstract
Acetaldehyde (AA), a principal metabolite of ethanol, reacts with proteins to form protein–AA adducts in vivo and in vitro. We studied three different protein–AA adducts produced in vitro, as well as hair keratin–AA adducts from ethanol-fed and/or cocaine-injected mice. An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed that detected the stable protein–AA adducts in protein isolated from hair. Cocaine injection had little effect on hair AA adduct formation. The indirect ELISA assay showed significantly increased levels of keratin–AA adducts in hair from mice fed ethanol for 8 weeks. Hair collection was noninvasive and the AA–protein adducts were stable. Therefore, this indirect ELISA assay could be further developed as a biochemical parameter for alcoholism in the clinical setting.
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