Abstract
With agaric as carbon source and urea as nitrogen source, this paper has successfully synthesized nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) by simple one-step hydrothermal method. A series of analysis have been used to make characterization of the physical, chemical structures and optical performance of N-CQDs. The fluorescence stability was studied by examining the ionic strength, pH value and storage time and other conditions. The cytotoxicity and bacterial toxicity of N-CQDs were applied to biological imaging. Considering the quenching effect of 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4‑DNP) on the fluorescence generated by N-CQDs, N-CQDs have been used as fluorescence probe in detection of 2,4-DNP where N-CQDs showed high sensitivity, selectivity and strong disturbance resistance to 2,4-DNP based on the quenching mechanism of transfer of resonance energy. It can also be concluded that agaric-based N-CQDs can be used in bio-imaging due to a good inhibitory effect on but low toxicity to bacteria. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the probe has presented a good coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.9969) and a low limit of detection (15.78 nM). This method has been successfully applied to determine 2,4-DNP in environmental samples and provided a new idea for developing green and natural composite carbon materials.
Highlights
The desire to look attractive is universal
The compositions and surface chemical structure of agaric-based nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-carbon quantum dots (CQDs)) have been studied by X-ray electron spectroscopy (XPS)
UV-Vis absorption spectra and fluorescence emission spectra have been used to characterize the optical properties of agaric-based N-CQDs
Summary
The desire to look attractive is universal. In 1930s, 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) was used as an oral medicine to control body weight as research showed that it could significantly improve basal metabolic rate, but was soon forbidden to be used for the purpose of losing weight by the Food and Drug Administration due to its serious side effects including hyperthermia, cataract and death.[1,2] So far, there are 62 death cases attributing to 2,4-DNP in published medical literature.[3] it is of great significance to establish a rapid, simple and highselectivity analysis method for monitoring trace 2,4-DNP in biological and environmental samples and avoiding the occurrence of adverse events. Several methods for determining 2,4-DNP have been reported such as high performance liquid
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