Detection and Influencing Factors of Capsular Bag Distention Syndrome after Cataract Surgery Using the Pentacam Scheimpflug System

Abstract

To investigate the prevalence and morphologic changes of capsular bag distention syndrome after cataract surgery using the Pentacam and to analyze its clinical characteristics and influencing factors. Retrospective, cross-sectional study. Clinical records of 239 consecutive patients who underwent cataract surgery were reviewed. Demographic data, use of intraoperative ophthalmic viscosurgical devices, type of intraocular lens implanted, axial length, and white-to-white corneal diameter were recorded. One month after surgery, dilated Scheimpflug imaging was performed. Prevalence, morphologic changes, and characteristic clinical findings of this syndrome were evaluated. Using Scheimpflug imaging, the prevalence of capsular bag distention syndrome was high at 26.8% (64/239), and it was possible to classify its morphologic changes into 3 types. Patients with the syndrome had poorer best-corrected visual acuity and lower satisfaction scores than those without the syndrome (P= .041 and P= .008, respectively). Although there was no significant difference observed in rate of this syndrome between the 2 ophthalmic viscosurgical devices used in our study (P > .05), implantation of 4-haptic intraocular lenses was associated with a high prevalence of the syndrome (odds ratio, 2.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 4.07; P= .0346). Patients with this syndrome had significantly longer AL (26.26 ± 2.84mm) and white-to-white diameter (12.02 ± 0.34mm) than those without (AL, 24.63 ± 2.89mm; white-to-white diameter, 11.81 ± 0.32mm; P= .0002 and P < .0001, respectively). Scheimpflug imaging revealed the prevalence of capsular bag distention syndrome to be high, and these patients generally had poorer visual outcomes. Intraocular lens design and dimensions of the eyes significantly influenced the prevalence of this syndrome.