Abstract
The use of hazardous wastes to co-fire cement kilns has become a significant factor in the hazardous waste industry. This paper presents the results of a series of tests on a preheater cement kiln with a fuel mix of coal, liquid hazardous wastes and tires. Detailed measurements were made of the emission rates of specific organic compounds, metals, and criteria pollutants. Destruction and removal efficiencies (DREs) of six Principal Organic Hazardous Consitutents (POHCs) were calculated. Results indicate low levels of emissions of all organic compounds and DREs of greater than 99.99% for all POHCs. Some formation of chlorobenzene was observed in the preheater, which has been attributed to surface-catatyzed chlorination of organic compounds. A possible mechanism for the chlorination has been identified. A comprehensive risk assessment of nine exposure pathways showed no significant difference in risks when burning only coal versus coal plus waste fuel.
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