Abstract
This article examines power-generation unit-specific and fuel-specific GHGs and heavy metals emissions calculated using US-EPA AP-42 emission factors for 2016 conditions. Total GHG emissions were 4.67E+04 Gg CO2e distributed as 4.64E+04 Gg CO2, 1.27E+00 Gg CH4 and 9.90E−01 Gg N2O, representing about double the official value reported in Kuwait's Initial National Communications for 1994. This very value was 75% of that predicted by the same report for 2016. Based on the ratio of the power generation CO2e emissions to national-level CO2e emissions back in 1994, the 2016 national GHGs emissions for the State of Kuwait would be 6.50E+04 Gg. Finally, the ratio of the CO2e for CO2: CH4: N2O for 2016 was 99.29%: 0.06%: 0.66% which is not significantly different from the 1994 ratios, i.e., 99.81%: 0.03%: 0.16%. Across the heavy metals, Ni emissions were the highest, while Hg emissions were lowest, with annual emissions 8.80E−02 and 1.35E−04 Gg, respectively. In addition to ranking the power plants based on emissions, the ratio (R) of emitted mass to released thermal energy was calculated. This concept was further extended to calculate the fuel-specific R by solving 4 simultaneous equations. Doha West Power Station has the highest R for CO2 and N2O but lowest R for CH4. The fuel-specific R values for heavy fuel oil was 42% and 87% higher than that for natural gas for CO2 and N2O, respectively, which explains the higher contribution of boilers to CO2 and N2O emissions.
Published Version
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