Abstract
The last mile travelling problem is the most challenging part when using public transit. This study designs a high-freedom responsive feeder transit (HFRFT) system to serve at the transfer station, given vehicle routes, departure time, and service area based on demand. The proposed feeder transit system employs a travelling mode with multitype vehicles. In order to improve the operation of the HFRFT system, the optimization design methods are suggested for vehicle routes, scheduling, and service area. A mixed integer programming model and its hybrid of a metaheuristic algorithm are proposed to efficiently and integrally solve the vehicle routes and scheduling parameters according to the reservation requirements. A heuristic method is proposed to optimize the service area based on the equilibrium of system supply and demand. Case studies show that the mixed running mode of multiple models can significantly improve the seat utilization, which can also significantly reduce the number of departures and the average travel distance per passenger. The proposed service area optimization method is proved to be feasible to improve the last mile travel.
Highlights
In areas where passenger travel density is low, fixed route transit (FRT) has a low seat utilization rate due to low and scattered passenger flow. e bus company has a low operating efficiency, which is difficult to sustain
The public transportation field is largely affected by the Internet Plus Era, and passenger information can connect with bus company in real time
In light of the above deficiencies, taking the mixed running mode with capacity constraint as the research object, this study proposes a integration optimization method for multitype vehicle routes and schedule on the basis of reservation requirements. e remainder of the paper is organized as follows
Summary
In areas where passenger travel density is low, fixed route transit (FRT) has a low seat utilization rate due to low and scattered passenger flow. e bus company has a low operating efficiency, which is difficult to sustain. Low-freedom RFT (LFRFT), whose terminal stops and some sections of the route and middle stops are fixed when others may be limitedly adjusted, can only respond to passengers’ demands to a lower degree. In HFRFT, running route, vehicle departure time, middle stops, stay times, and so on are optimally determined according to passenger demand. (i) Research on optimizing path and scheduling simultaneously is quite limited, some studies have determined departure time according to the routes required to reservation demands [15, 20, 36]. In light of the above deficiencies, taking the mixed running mode with capacity constraint as the research object, this study proposes a integration optimization method for multitype vehicle routes and schedule on the basis of reservation requirements.
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