Designing a Solar Photovoltaic System for Generating Renewable Energy of a Hospital: Performance Analysis and Adjustment Based on RSM and ANFIS Approaches

Rami Alamoudi,Enrique Herrera-Viedma,Osman Taylan,Mehmet Azmi Aktacir

doi:10.3390/math9222929

Abstract

One of the most favorable renewable energy sources, solar photovoltaic (PV) can meet the electricity demand considerably. Sunlight is converted into electricity by the solar PV systems using cells containing semiconductor materials. A PV system is designed to meet the energy needs of King Abdulaziz University Hospital. A new method has been introduced to find optimal working capacity, and determine the self-consumption and sufficiency rates of the PV system. Response surface methodology (RSM) is used for determining the optimal working conditions of PV panels. Similarly, an adaptive neural network based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was employed to analyze the performance of solar PV panels. The outcomes of methods were compared to the actual outcomes available for testing the performance of models. Hence, for a 40 MW target PV system capacity, the RSM determined that approximately 33.96 MW electricity can be produced, when the radiation rate is 896.3 W/m2, the module surface temperature is 41.4 °C, the outdoor temperature is 36.2 °C, the wind direction and speed are 305.6 and 6.7 m/s, respectively. The ANFIS model (with nine rules) gave the highest performance with lowest residual for the same design parameters. Hence, it was determined that the hourly electrical energy requirement of the hospital can be met by the PV system during the year.

Highlights

The energy planning systems have transformed from specific objectives with constraints to more complex approaches due to the insertion of multiple criteria, investors and needs of nations that are usually in conflict
The energy generation amount of the PV system for a capacity of 25 MW was less than the hourly electricity requirement of the hospital
In case the electricity produced from the PV system is more than the electricity consumption of the hospital, the excess production is given to the local electricity grid

Summary

Introduction

The energy planning systems have transformed from specific objectives with constraints to more complex approaches due to the insertion of multiple criteria, investors and needs of nations that are usually in conflict. The world energy need is presently met mainly from fossil fuels (81%), renewable energy (14%), and nuclear sources (5%) [1]. Control, opposing public opinion, nuclear waste management, and economies of the scale envisaged. They have many advantages such as lower emissions, higher security of supply and enabling of possible other technologies. Renewable energy sources alleviate their downsides, and eventually cost less than fossil fuels that own useless production technologies. Due to urgent environmental pollution and climate change issues, using a mix of fossil fuels and renewable energy sources, Italy carried out an ‘energy transition’ towards a more sustainable energy production and consumption system by adopting nuclear power to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels [2]. Solar photovoltaic (PV) as a favorable renewable energy source can meet the electricity demand of Saudi Arabia providing a

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