Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Series of Pharmacologically-important Sperm-shaped Amphiphilic Heterocyclic Compounds derived from Natural Palmitic Acid

Abstract

Natural palmitic acid is a pivotal saturated fatty acid used in many biochemical processes occurring in humans and diverse living creatures, as it is the most common natural long-chain carboxylic acid whose unrivaled amphiphilic sperm-like skeleton with the inert single 15-C aliphatic chain (tail or carrier) and the very active one carboxyl group (head) represent a rich reactive entity and carrier for several organic/medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutics applications with respect to drug design and formulation. Derivatives of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles along with their 1,3,4-thiadiazoles and 1,2,4-triazoles analogs exhibit a broad spectrum of substantial pharmacological activities. Agreeing with the well-known hybridization principles and incorporation norms in hybrid chemistry, if a substituted nitrogenous heterocyclic aromatic nucleus of the three aforementioned kinds is straightway attached to the simple straight palmitic acid backbone at the position of the carboxyl group, the produced molecules are supposed to be very bioactive. This research work reports for the first once the efficient design/synthesis and characterization/elucidation of four one-tailed nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives of palmitic acid constructure, which introduce a novel biologically-important pharmacophore having biocompatible amphiphilic sperm-shaped heteroaromatic structure.