Design perspective and numerical analysis of all perovskite 2-terminal and 4-terminal tandem solar cell

Abstract

All perovskite multi-junction device represents a feasible path toward power conversion efficiency (PCE) of >35% and has the potential to conquer the schokley quiesser limit of a single junction device. In this study, we have investigated all perovskite tandem solar cell in 2-terminal and 4-terminal device architecture. An unprecedented device architecture was employed, having a large bandgap perovskite, i.e. MA0.9Cs0.1Pb(I0.6Br0.4)3, as a top sub-cell active layer and a narrow bandgap perovskite, i.e. FA0.8MA0.2Sn0.5Pb0.5I3 as a bottom sub-cell active layer. A rigorous device validation was done to confirm the self-consistency of the model. The effect of thickness on the subcells in the standalone condition was first studied to report the best performing standalone subcells. Next, the performance of the 2-terminal tandem device was investigated, and a current matching condition was found to register the best performing device. Finally, a rigorous performance analysis of the 4-terminal device was done to compare its performance with the 2-terminal device. We obtained a remarkable PCE of 22.24% and 33.46% for 2-terminal and 4-terminal devices by optimizing all the parameters, respectively.