Design peculiarities and mathematical model of an enhanced low-frequency vibratory cavitation device

Abstract

The thorough analysis of the technological processes used to purify the wastewater from food and processing enterprises (bakery, brewery, coffee, sugar, beverage, etc.) has established that among the most effective processes are the physical ones. From the wide range of physical methods of wastewater treatment, the cavitation treatment methods are of the most promising from the viewpoint of industrial application. The present paper considers an enhanced design of a low-frequency vibratory cavitation device with an electromagnetic drive. Unlike many other cavitators of ultrasonic or hydrodynamic action, the proposed vibratory cavitation device can treat the wastewater in a continuous liquid flow, has no rotating components and parts, which significantly increases its reliability and durability, and can be equipped with changeable concaves (grates) depending on the pollutants to be purified. The research methodology consists of two main stages: development of the dynamic diagram and mathematical model of the considered cavitation device; numerical simulation of the working members vibrations at different operational conditions. The obtained results are presented in the form of time dependencies of the concaves (grates) displacements, speeds, and accelerations under various viscous friction and excitation parameters. The main scientific novelty of this study, in addition to the improved design of the vibratory cavitator, is considering the influence of the changeable electromagnetic excitation force and viscous friction force on the dynamic behavior of the concaves (grates). Further investigations on the present topic can be focused on the practical implementation and experimental testing of the proposed cavitation device in order to increase the water purification degree.