Abstract
An emerging technology with a secure and a decentralized nature, blockchain has the potential to transform conventional practices in an efficient and dynamic manner. However, migrating to blockchain can be challenging due to the complexity of its infrastructure and processes. The complexity of building applications on blockchain has been highlighted by many studies, thus stressing the need to investigate practical solutions further. A commonly known software engineering concept, software design pattern contributes to the acceleration of software development. It offers a holistic reusable solution for commonly occurring problems in a given context. It helps to identify problems that occur repetitively and describes best practices to address them. The present study is one of the first investigations to inquire into design patterns for blockchain application. Seeking to reduce the complexity in understanding and building applications on blockchain, this paper identifies a design pattern elicitation framework from similar blockchain applications. Next, it provides a demonstration of the Proof of Integrity (PoI) pattern elicited from two different applications on the blockchain. The applicability of the pattern is evaluated by building a blockchain application to verify the integrity of the academic certificates and by explaining how this integrity has been achieved empirically.
Highlights
Blockchain is a distributed ledger that contains a set of sequenced blocks of data [1,2]
There is limited research pertaining to the business perspective, which is focused on adopting blockchain in business transformation, transactions between participants, and impact analysis [5,12,13]
We focus on a holistic view of blockchain application
Summary
Blockchain is a distributed ledger that contains a set of sequenced blocks of data [1,2]. Each block records transaction data in a transparent, immutable, and secure fashion [2,3]. This offers a secure platform empowered by furnishing integrity, efficiency, and productivity, time and cost reduction for businesses. This research argues that adopting design pattern in blockchain application development can enhance understandability and usability of the blockchain system. The physical layer refers to the distributed technologies for the blockchain platform, including computing, nodes in the network, and blocks storing the transactions. Consensus algorithm, private and public key, wallet, encryption, and hashing Another challenge is the limited usability of a blockchain application in terms of developer support and end user support [6]. This research adopted an integrated design pattern concept within blockchain in order to facilitate the understanding and adaptation of blockchain systems, as design pattern is considered one of the key ways to understand new concepts [14] such as blockchain
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