Abstract
A four-loop shaped structure of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) acoustic emission (AE) sensor based on additive manufacturing (AM) technology is proposed in the letter. The finite element analysis (FEA) method was used to model and analyze the sensor structure. We aimed at improving the sensitivity, the static load analysis, and the dynamic response analysis of the normal FBG acoustic emission sensor and the FBG AE sensor with improved structure parameters. We constructed the FBG AE sensor experimental system based on a narrowband laser demodulation method and test on real acoustic emission signals. The results demonstrated that the response sensitivity of the FBG acoustic emission sensor was 1.47 times higher than the sensitivity of the normal FBG sensor. The sensitivity coefficient of PLA-AE-FBG2 sensor was 3.057, and that of PLA-AE-FBG1 was 2.0702. Through structural design and parameter optimization, the sensitivity and stability of the FBG AE sensor are improved. The four-loop shaped sensor is more suitable for the health monitoring in fields such as aero-engine blade, micro-crack of structure, and crack growth in bonded joints. While ensuring the sensing characteristics, sensitivity, and stability of the four-loop shaped sensor have been enhanced. It is possible to apply the FBG AE sensor in some complex engineering environments.
Highlights
Academic Editor: Joseba ZubiaAcoustic emission (AE) refers to the phenomenon of transient elastic waves that are emitted by materials due to the rapid release of energy
The continuous acoustic emission (AE) signal was emitted by the R15a, which propagated in the aluminum plate, and reached the polylactic acid (PLA)-AE-fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor and the AE-Piezoelectric Transducer (PZT) sensor
The effect of the structure parameters of the FBG AE sensors on the sensitivity is studied by using finite element simulation analysis
Summary
Acoustic emission (AE) refers to the phenomenon of transient elastic waves that are emitted by materials due to the rapid release of energy. The fiber Bragg grating (FBG) acoustic emission (AE) sensor that combined the above-mentioned advantages and the high sensitivity characteristics of an FBG AE sensor can realize distributed detection applications in strong electromagnetic interference, small space, and large structures. Many researchers have studied the applicability of FBG AE sensors in the structural monitoring of aerospace and large-scale buildings. This paper proposes an AM-based FBG AE sensor with an enhanced sensitivity structure, which improves the sensitivity and stability of the sensor, has better thermal stability, higher flexural modulus and mechanical properties, and can effectively protect the fiber. The finite element analysis (FEA) method is carried out on the package structure parameters of the FBG acoustic emission sensor and the static stress and dynamic response were analyzed. The four-loop shape structure improves the performance of the FBG AE sensor and effectively ensures the stability of the sensor
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