Abstract
AbstractThe operator is a key player in plant operation. However, his tasks and role became more complex with increasing safety and environmental challenges. Plant operation is no longer limited to production lines, but it also includes water, recycle, energy, and other processes that have been integrated with the production process to ensure green production systems. This research work proposes a new operation framework by introducing a design of a virtual plant that can support the operation of future green production systems. Operator activities are modeled in view of production, water treatment, waste, and energy generation processes. Human factors and data element visualization mechanisms are proposed to ensure smooth interaction for green production systems. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 10: 155–166, 2007
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