Abstract
This paper lays emphasis on thedevelopment of low cost controllers for stepper motors in contrast to its resource limitations such as memory size, few I/O pins and computing power compared to High-end designs. The microchip AVR ATtiny45 microcontroller was employed alongside a redesigned (reduced-input pin count) pulse distribution circuit for two H-Bridge drivers. The motor can rotate in both directions as well as possible speed control. The concept of the motor control signals was modeled in Matlab/Simulink, firmware was written in Atmel AVRStudio development environment, while theoverall design was carried out in Proteus software followed by Hardware implementation. Total material cost is about $5 which would be less in commercial production cases.
Highlights
Concept of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and microsteppingStepper motors can be operated in full step and half step. The need for higher resolution, less vibration,and smoother movement steps gave birth to the concept of microstepping
Abstract.This paper lays emphasis on thedevelopment of low cost controllers for stepper motors in contrast to its resource limitations such as memory size, few I/O pins and computing power compared to High-end designs
The widespread acceptance is due to its advantage over conventional DC/AC motors such as precise motion, position,and speed, more so, compared to conventional motors, stepper motors are more flexible to control [1][2][3]
Summary
Stepper motors can be operated in full step and half step. The need for higher resolution, less vibration,and smoother movement steps gave birth to the concept of microstepping. SPWM can be achieved by sinusoidal variation of the reference signal level using the Sine Look-Up Table stored in the EEPROM of the microcontroller. Bipolar stepper motors require two sine output phased 90 degrees to each other i.e. a sine and a cosine wave[5] as shown in figure 3. In any instance where any of the table pointer indexes is zero, the polarity of the affiliated switch pin will be inverted as to generate anegative sine or negative cosine wave for the required duration. This is essential for the two H-Bridge. Figure 3. 90-degree current phase difference (for microstepping) through the winding of a stepper motor
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