Design of modified Sierpinski fractal based miniaturized patch antenna

Abstract

Miniaturization of microstrip patch antenna by incorporating fractal geometry is presented in this paper. The unique space-filling property of fractals is explored to develop a novel patch antenna operating at 2.45 GHz with significant size reduction than its conventional counterpart. An inset-fed patch antenna is taken as initiator of proposed fractal design. The fractal iteration of Sierpinski Carpet in modified form is performed up to 2nd iteration. The antennas are designed using finite element method based HFSS and their performances are demonstrated in terms of Return loss, radiation pattern, gain plot, smith chart, and VSWR. Experimental results of Sierpinski Carpet iterations and their comparison with the generator shows size reduction of 31% and 32% in 1st and 2nd iteration correspondingly, without affecting antenna performances such as reflection loss, impedance matching and antenna gain.