Abstract
Design considerations are described on crystal monochromators using single or multiple dynamical diffractions for synchrotron X-radiation (SXR). To collect the whole angular divergence of SXR, use of heavy-element crystals, asymmetric diffractions and close 90° diffractions is discussed. Germanium channel-cut crystals using asymmetric diffractions can yield an order of magnitude higher photon flux than the conventional silicon monochromator in the wave-length range of 1.15–2.0 Å. A highly monochromatic and intense beam can be obtained from double crystal arrangements of close 90° diffractions. Discussions are also given on bent crystals and other monochromators of specific nature.
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