Abstract
A compact size of 40 × 40 mm2 ( λ0 × λ0) semi-elliptical slotted ground structure (SESGS) directional ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna is proposed for radar imaging applications. A vertical semi-elliptical slot is inserted into ground and subsequently, an axis of semi-ellipse is rotated diagonally (with 45°) in direction of the substrate. Axes of semi-ellipse are optimized symmetrically around the circular patch to work antenna as a reflector. Furthermore, semi-elliptical slot is rotated horizontally (with 90°) again to improve the impedance bandwidth. Proposed antenna achieves fractional bandwidth around 83% covering the UWB frequency range from 4.40 to 10.60 GHz (S11 < −10 dB) having 4.5/6/7/8/9.3/10.2 GHz resonant frequencies. Also, antenna is capable to send low-distortion Gaussian pulses with fidelity factor more than 95% in time-domain. Measured gain and half power beam width (HPBW) are 6.1-9.1 dBi and 44°-29° in 4.40-10.60 GHz band, respectively, which show an improvement of 1-3 dBi in gain and half power beam-width is reduced by 5°-10° when compared with previously designed antennas. Experimental results show good agreement with CST simulation.
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