Design of Deterministic Sparse Fractal Array with Haferman Counter-Diagonal Fractal Tapering Technique for Modern Wireless Systems

Abstract

Deterministic fractal structure is a repetitive geometry based structure having applications in various regions of science and engineering. Fractal antennas and array antennas are artistic structures and they are finding much attention in recent years owing to their feasible properties. A few deterministic fractal arrays owing to the fractal dimensional design methodology are thinned arrays, but the great concern for these types of array antennas is the great number of antennas present at higher level iteration and as well as expansion levels. The present research work discusses the feasibility of reducing antenna elements at higher expansion and iteration levels of fractal arrays with a new type of tapering technique named as Haferman counter-diagonal fractal tapering. Different types of fractal arrays created using a sub array of concentric elliptical ring design methodology have been considered for the application proposed tapering technique. Owing to the proposed technique, nearly 40% to 50% of the antenna elements thinned while maintaining fully populated array factor properties. The proposed technique can simplify the design complexity of fractal arrays and reduce the designing cost.