Abstract
Ocean in-situ sensors are crucial for measuring oceanic parameters directly from the sea in a spatial and temporal basis. Real-time operation is used in many applications related to decision support tools and early warning services in case of accidents, incidents and/or disasters. The design of the proposed system is described as a rapid-response detection system, which aims to measure natural and artificial radioactive contaminants or other crucial ocean parameters, to replace the traditional method of sampling. The development of an interactive cellular system is undertaken using a commercial router that is programmed according to sensor specifications. A radioactivity sensor is integrated in a communication box enabling self-powered operation with a solar panel. The proposed system operates in (near) real-time mode and provides gamma-ray spectra by integrating the sensor and the appropriate electronic modules in it. Additionally, an on-site experiment was conducted to test the operability of the system in a real environment close to the sea, for monitoring fallout due to rainfall and snowfall events. The main intense radionuclides that were observed by different energy lines, were radon progenies (214Bi, 214Pb). The continuous operation of the whole system was controlled by operating the system during the winter period.
Highlights
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Telemetry is a method that refers to the acquisition and automatic transmission of in-situ or remote data, enabling suitable sensors for monitoring purposes
As concerns the radioactivity measurement system, the system performance is improved by selecting as scintillator crystal a medium resolution spectrometer, to provide much better energy resolution of the acquired gammaray spectra compared to other radioactivity systems operated at sea [13,22,26]
Summary
Telemetry is a method that refers to the acquisition and automatic transmission of in-situ or remote data, enabling suitable sensors for monitoring purposes. Ocean observing systems provide continuous data of physical, biological, chemical, and geological parameters in the seawater column as well as at the ocean floor. The long-term data provide information of sea variability and capture potential incidences of accidents [1,2]. Ocean observing systems provide real-time data and are useful to monitor phenomena of natural hazards (e.g., earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes), to study climate change variability, and to collect biogeochemical parameters for seawater and sediment. Real-time ocean observing systems support the study of ecosystems, fisheries and water quality and provide data for long-term ecosystem functioning and support improvements of decision tools
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