Abstract
In this study, the operation of a ground source heat pump system was investigated over a 25-year period with careful attention paid to the effects of groundwater flow and intermittent operation strategies. First, geological and hydrogeological investigations were conducted, after which ground thermal properties were determined by thermal response tests. In order to predict the heat transfer within borehole heat exchangers under a specific operating system, a numerical model was developed using finite element subsurface flow & transport simulation system (FEFLOW). The numerical model was validated with thermal response test measurements. Three operation conditions including continuous system operation without groundwater flow, continuous system operation with groundwater flow, and intermittent operation with groundwater flow were examined. Results indicate that ground temperature disturbance was effectively reduced during groundwater flow and the intermittent operation of the system. Compared with continuous system operation without groundwater flow, the borehole heat exchanger heat transfer rate increases by 10% with groundwater flow conditions and increases by 16% with further implementation of the intermittent operation strategy. Intermittent operation with groundwater flow is highly recommended for the sustainable operation of ground source heat pump system.
Highlights
Ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems have been rapidly developed as highly efficient energy technology for the heating and cooling of buildings in the past few decades (Blum et al, 2010)
GSHP systems mainly consist of three parts: (1) the borehole heat exchangers (BHEs), (2) the heat pump system, and (3) the indoor units
This study focuses on a GSHP system in Zhangqiu City, Shandong Province, by using heat–mass transfer theories in porous media to establish a moisture–heat coupling numerical model that observes ground heat exchanges in the aquifer
Summary
Ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems have been rapidly developed as highly efficient energy technology for the heating and cooling of buildings in the past few decades (Blum et al, 2010). Several studies have focused on how groundwater flow influences the ground temperature, especially in relation to the operation of GSHP systems.
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