Abstract
An aqueous sensor network is described consisting of an array of sensor nodes that can be randomly distributed throughout a lake or drinking water reservoir. The data of an individual node is transmitted to the host node via acoustic waves using intermediate nodes as relays. Each node of the sensor network is a data router, and contains sensors capable of measuring environmental parameters of interest. Depending upon the required application, each sensor node can be equipped with different types of physical, biological or chemical sensors, allowing long-term, wide area, in situ multi-parameter monitoring. In this work the aqueous sensor network is described, with application to pH measurement using magnetoelastic sensors. Beyond ensuring drinking water safety, possible applications for the aqueous sensor network include advanced industrial process control, monitoring of aquatic biological communities, and monitoring of waste-stream effluents.
Highlights
While considerable effort has recently been focused on development of networked sensors for operation in air [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9], sensor network technology has not been developed for application to liquidSensors 2002, 2 environments
We describe a significant advancement in liquid analysis technology, an aqueous sensor network able to autonomously, continuously, in-situ and in real-time monitor streams, lakes, ocean bays, liquid streams in processing plants, and other bodies of water
The sensor network consists of an array of sensor nodes located throughout the area of interest
Summary
While considerable effort has recently been focused on development of networked sensors for operation in air [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9], sensor network technology has not been developed for application to liquid. The host node first sends out a broadcast signal containing its identity, which is 4. The Level field indicates the number of nodes this broadcast signal has passed through, with the host node starts at 1. The program goes to a loop constantly checking for the occurrence of three events: {1} receiving transmission from other nodes, {2} transmitting/relaying sensor data and acknowledgement, and {3} waiting for an acknowledgement. The microcontroller will engage the receiving handler, which will process the data and determine if the signal is a broadcast, acknowledgement, or sensor data. If the received signal is the sensor data from other nodes, the microcontroller program will relay the data to its parent node by triggering the transmission flag (TX flag) and data relay flag. The software can be obtained at [14]
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