Abstract
In this paper, a compact, dual-band, patch antenna structure for body-centric relay node communication is presented. The antenna is designed to operate at Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) bands at 2.45 GHz for receiving data from intra-body sensor nodes and 5.0 GHz for transmitting signal to external monitoring device. The antenna is designed by using coplanar waveguide feed and etching two open-end slots on radiating patch. Overall antenna dimensions are 15 mm × 28 mm × 1.57 mm. Effective dielectric constant for the multiple dielectric layers, due to its heterogeneous tissue structure, has been calculated. Antenna performance is measured both in free space and on tissue model. On body, a wide bandwidth of 250 and 370 MHz is obtained that enhances antenna robustness to operate on different types of body tissues. Radiation pattern toward the surface of body at 2.45 GHz and directional pattern normal to the surface of body at 5.0 GHz are achieved. High directivity of 7.18 dBi at 5.0 GHz is obtained which is good to maintain robust communication link with the external control unit. Small size, good radiation characteristics and low SAR value make the antenna a good choice for operating in close proximity to human body.
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