Abstract
This paper used a Vanadium Redox flow Battery (VRB) as the storage battery and designed a two-stage topology of a VRB energy storage system in which a phase-shifted full bridge dc-dc converter and three-phase inverter were used, considering the low terminal voltage of the VRB. Following this, a model of the VRB was simplified, according to the operational characteristics of the VRB in this designed topology of a VRB energy storage system (ESS). By using the simplified equivalent model of the VRB, the control parameters of the ESS were designed. For effectively estimating the state of charge (SOC) of the VRB, a traditional method for providing the SOC estimation was simplified, and a simple and effective SOC estimation method was proposed in this paper. Finally, to illustrate the proper design of the VRB ESS and the proposed SOC estimation method, a corresponding simulation was designed by Simulink. The test results have demonstrated that this proposed SOC estimation method is feasible and effective for indicating the SOC of a VRB and the proper design of this VRB ESS is very reasonable for VRB applications.
Highlights
An energy storage system (ESS) which can be used for peaking regulation in power plants or power stations, and which can be used as an energy storage device in new energy generation systems, has the potential to be very widely applied in power systems [1,2]
These state of charge (SOC) estimation methods make stack configuration more complex as one open flow cell needs to be spared for each stack and additional voltage sensors need to be installed. All of these methods for SOC estimations are too complex and are not suitable for application. Considering these points, this paper firstly designs a two-stage topology of a Vanadium Redox flow Battery (VRB) energy storage system considering the low terminal voltage of the VRB, in which a phase-shifted full bridge dc-dc converter and three-phase inverter are used and the bidirectional power flowing between the energy storage battery and AC grid is achieved
Based on the designed control parameters in the VRB ESS, the simulation results are shown in Figures 12–17, where Figures 12–14 show the simulation results under a charging and discharging current of 80 A
Summary
An energy storage system (ESS) which can be used for peaking regulation in power plants or power stations, and which can be used as an energy storage device in new energy generation systems, has the potential to be very widely applied in power systems [1,2]. A Vanadium Redox flow Battery (VRB), as a new storage battery, can be used as the energy storage unit in an ESS. To design reasonable control parameters for an ESS, the model of a VRB should be simplified, which has not been included in previous research. The parameter of the state of charge (SOC), as one of the most important parameters of a VRB, represents the residual capacity of a VRB and is the key parameter to regulate or control the operating states of an ESS.
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