Design methodology for wheel corner module topology based on position and orientation characteristics

Abstract

With growing demands for maneuverability, safety, and energy conservation, the modern vehicles are increasingly electric in nature, with the use of advanced electromechanical technology, e.g., in-wheel drive (IWD) and 4-wheel independent steering (4WIS) systems. The concept of the wheel corner module (WCM) with multi-function integration presents new challenges, as well as a possible revolution in the traditional chassis mechanism, represented by the classic suspension types, centralized powertrain, and steering column. As a structural and functional extension of traditional suspensions, the WCM design features multiactuators integration and mechanisms simplification. This paper presents a general design methodology for WCM topology and investigates the principles of integration for different subsystems. More specifically, using position and orientation characteristics (POC) theory, the general type-synthesis process of the suspension system is summarized based on single open chain (SOC) units and spatial basic kinematic chains (BKC). The classic suspension types are extended with the application of rigid and flexible joints. Furthermore, the integration principles of independent steering and distributed drive system are discussed and specifically applied in several innovative WCM solutions with enhanced system integration. Multibody simulation results demonstrate the unique advantages of the proposed structures and verify their feasibility and application potential.