Abstract
The Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs) are gas ionization detectors with multiple gas sub-gaps made of resistive electrodes. The high voltage (HV) is applied on the outer surfaces of outermost resistive plates only, while the interior plates are left electrically floating. The presence of multiple narrow sub--gaps with high electric field results in faster signals on the outer electrodes, thus improving the detector's time resolution. Due to their excellent performance and relatively low cost, the MRPC detector has found potential application in Time-of-Flight (TOF) systems. Here we present the design, fabrication, optimization of the operating parameters such as the HV, the gas mixture composition, and, performance of six--gap glass MRPC detectors of area 27cm $\times$ 27 cm, which are developed in order to find application as trigger detectors, in TOF measurement etc. The design has been optimized with unique spacers and blockers to ensure a proper gas flow through the narrow sub-gaps, which are 250 $\mu$m wide. The gas mixture consisting of R134A, Isobutane and SF$_{6}$, and the fraction of each constituting gases has been optimized after studying the MRPC performance for a set of different concentrations. The counting efficiency of the MRPC is about 95% at $17.9$ kV. At the same operating voltage, the time resolution, after correcting for the walk effect, is found to be about $219$ ps.
Highlights
The results from groups involved in the study of various multigap resistive plate chambers (MRPCs) configurations indicate that a time resolution of less than 100 ps can be obtained with MRPC detectors
The results from groups involved in the study of various MRPC configurations indicate that a time resolution of less than 100 ps can be obtained with MRPC detectors
The MRPCs have been chosen as optimal elements for many time-of-flight (TOF) detector systems due to their excellent time resolution and higher efficiency for particle detection [3]
Summary
The results from groups involved in the study of various MRPC configurations indicate that a time resolution of less than 100 ps can be obtained with MRPC detectors. The intermediate plates act as the physical barriers to an excessive growth of the avalanche, and a higher electric field can be applied to the detector operated in the avalanche mode, compared to that of a single gap structure. This is advantageous in terms of the time resolution and rate capability of the device. In order to ensure a proper flow through the sub-gaps, we introduced some blockers at appropriate places (one each near the gas inlets and two each near the gas outlets)
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