Abstract
The Smart Grid (SG) is the technological development that incorporates digital technologies and advanced communication methods to determine and respond to variations in electricity consumption in order to revolutionize power distribution, transmission, and generation. In the conventional electrical grid, customers remain unaware to their energy usage patterns that not only results in energy loss but also money. The consumers’ usage and consumption standards need to be regulated in order to improve energy efficiency (EE). SG utilizes demand side management (DSM) for energy savings by use of various approaches like financial incentives, subsidized tariffs, and awareness to alter consumers’ energy demand. In smart environments (SE), Internet-of-Things (IoT) is evolving as a significant partner for resource and energy management. DSM in SG must take advantage of smart energy management system (SEMS) developed on smart meters (SMs) and modern technologies like IoT. Using SMs with IoT based technologies makes SEMS more effective in the SG. This paper offers design, deployment, implementation, and performance evaluation of an IoT based SEMS, including SMs as well as IoT middleware module and its related benefits. The proposed SEMS operates online and offers real-time (RT) load profiles (LPs) to customers and suppliers remotely. The customers’ LPs allow suppliers to disseminate and regulate their incentives as well as incite the customers to alter their energy consumption. Furthermore, these LPs serves as an input for developing numerous DSM approaches. The proposed solution is installed and evaluated at 4 different locations of Stylo Pvt. Ltd. Pakistan, which can communicate commands and observe the efficiency of electricity supplied by the utility. Moreover, the RT impact of using separate SM for automated control of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system is shown in terms of power consumption. The RT case study presents the efficacy of the proposed IoT-based-SEMS.
Highlights
A power grid or an electric grid (EG) is an interconnected infrastructure that supplies electricity to consumers from producers
The proposed solution is installed and evaluated at 4 different places at the user end, which can communicate commands and observe the efficiency of electricity supplied by the utility
LITERATURE REVIEW First, we examine the work on importance of demand side management (DSM) in Smart Grid (SG), numerous categorizations of DSM, and its main components, such as smart energy management system (SEMS)
Summary
A power grid or an electric grid (EG) is an interconnected infrastructure that supplies electricity to consumers from producers. This work emphasizes on the RT monitoring and control in the DSM segment of SG, considering RT implementation of an IoT based SEMS in the buildings of a private industry in Pakistan It provides design, deployment, implementation, FIGURE 2. In another work [39], the authors proposed the architecture framework for BEMS based on IoT approach They highlight that EE of various facilities, including buildings, is vital for the sustainability and the environment. It comes with ARM Cortex-M4F based architecture, which was utilized to enable storage of data in its remnant memory It could operate various loads remotely (like On/Off lighting and cooling circuits) as well as RT monitoring of important control parameters like temperature and humidity sensors (not included in our scope of work).
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