Abstract
Software defined radio (SDR) is a commonly used platform for its ease of operation and cost-effectiveness for the development and testing of real wireless communication systems. By supporting high transmission rates and enabling fast and cost-effective deployments, mainly in millimeter-wave (mmWave), the co-operative 5G network has been standardized by 3GPP Release 16. In this paper, a decode-and-forward (D&F) co-operative hardware network is proposed as one of the key technologies for future 5G/6G wireless networks. The proposed system consists of an emulated base station processing unit (gnodeB), a D&F protocol and the user equipment (UE). In particular, the design of the D&F relay node is based on an MIMO layer 2 relay technology. A testbed based on an SDR platform and Matlab software, in which the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) transmission, physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), and downlink shared channel (DL-SCH) for transport channel coding, according to the 3GPP standardized 5G downlink signal, has been designed. The key performance indicators (KPIs), namely EVM, BER, and throughput, were measured for 5G signals with 64-QAM and 256-QAM modulation schemes. The obtained results show that the D&F co-operative 5G network achieves substantially improved KPIs in the communication between the gnodeB and the UE in an outdoor-to-indoor scenario. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that the D&F protocol presents a good performance and behavior being compared to one commercial equipment.
Highlights
The generation of mobile networks (5G) is being deployed [1,2,3], which will bring new challenges and opportunities, enabling the creation and integration of new networks such as the Internet of Things (IoT), meeting the explosive growth in data traffic and lower latency requirements demanded in today’s communications and enabling and improving the quality of services in a multitude of applications, such as social networking, media streaming, video calls, and other broadband services [4,5,6,7,8,9]
key performance indicators (KPIs) are evaluated from the downlink obtained through a gnodeB emulated employing the MatlabTM 5G ToolBox, where for each transmission, 80 frames were sent by the base station for each point of PBS
The developed hardware platform is based on the use of software defined radio (SDR) and the MatlabTM tool, which presents great flexibility and reconfigurability for the implementation of potential
Summary
The generation of mobile networks (5G) is being deployed [1,2,3], which will bring new challenges and opportunities, enabling the creation and integration of new networks such as the Internet of Things (IoT), meeting the explosive growth in data traffic and lower latency requirements demanded in today’s communications and enabling and improving the quality of services in a multitude of applications, such as social networking, media streaming, video calls, and other broadband services [4,5,6,7,8,9]. The co-operative architecture has been introduced and standardized within the 5G communication networks paradigm [17] by the 3GPP, for which the key benefits are enabling the flexible and very dense deployment of the new radio base station without increasing the cost-effective of its implementation. In this context, a diverse range of scenarios can be encompassed, as indoor-to-outdoor, outdoor-to-indoor, mobile urban, and rural environments [18,19,20,21]. Due to the expensiveness of existing LTE mobile networks spectrum for backhaul link and small-cell deployments, it has been limited and restricted in its handful of commercial deployment in LTE timeline
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