Design and Performance of Jointless Bridges in Ontario: New Technical and Material Concepts

Abstract

It is well recognized that leaking expansion joints at the ends of bridge decks have led to the premature deterioration of bridge components. The elimination of these maintenance-prone joints not only yields immediate economic benefits but also improves the long-term durability of bridges. In Ontario, Canada, “jointless” bridges have been used for many years. Recently, the use of two main types of these bridges has increased dramatically. The first type is an “integral abutment” bridge that comprises an integral deck and abutment system supported on flexible piles. The approach slabs are also continuous with the deck slab. The flexible foundation allows the anticipated deck movements to take place at the end of the approach slab. Control joint details have been developed to allow movements at this location. The second type is a “semi-integral abutment” bridge that also allows expansion joints to be eliminated from the end of the bridge deck. The approach slabs are continuous with the deck slab, and the abutments are supported on rigid foundations (spread footings). The superstructure is not continuous with the abutments, and conventional bearings are used to allow horizontal movements between the deck and the abutments. A control joint is provided at the end of the approach slab that is detailed to slide in between the wing walls. Some of the design methods and construction details that are used in Ontario for integral and semi-integral abutment bridges are summarized. A review of the actual performance of existing bridges is also presented.