Abstract
In the last decade, perovskite solar cells have made a quantum leap in performance with the efficiency increasing from 3.8% to 25%. However, commercial perovskite solar cells have faced a major impediment due to toxicity and stability issues. Therefore, lead-free inorganic perovskites have been investigated in order to find substitute perovskites which can provide a high efficiency similar to lead-based perovskites. In recent studies, as a kind of lead-free inorganic perovskite material, Cs4CuSb2Cl12 has been demonstrated to possess impressive photoelectric properties and excellent environmental stability. Moreover, Cs4CuSb2Cl12 nanocrystals have smaller effective photo-generated carrier masses than bulk Cs4CuSb2Cl12, which provides excellent carrier mobility. To date, there have been no reports about Cs4CuSb2Cl12 nanocrystals used for making solar cells. To explore the potential of Cs4CuSb2Cl12 nanocrystal solar cells, we propose a lead-free perovskite solar cell with the configuration of FTO/ETL/Cs4CuSb2Cl12 nanocrystals/HTL/Au using a solar cell capacitance simulator. Moreover, we numerically investigate the factors that affect the performance of the Cs4CuSb2Cl12 nanocrystal solar cell with the aim of enhancing its performance. By selecting the appropriate hole transport material, electron transport material, thickness of the absorber layer, doping densities, defect density in the absorber, interface defect densities, and working temperature point, we predict that the Cs4CuSb2Cl12 nanocrystal solar cell with the FTO/TiO2/Cs4CuSb2Cl12 nanocrystals/Cu2O/Au structure can attain a power conversion efficiency of 23.07% at 300 K. Our analysis indicates that Cs4CuSb2Cl12 nanocrystals have great potential as an absorbing layer towards highly efficient lead-free all-inorganic perovskite solar cells.
Highlights
IntroductionLead-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have witnessed tremendous growth in photovoltaic applications due to their good optical and electrical properties [1]
To explore the potential of CCSCNCs in solar cells, we propose a CCSCNC perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with a structure involving a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)/electron transport layer (ETL)/CCSCNCs/hole transport layer (HTL)/Au; by selecting a suitable hole transport material (HTM), electron transport material (ETM), thickness of the absorber layer, doping densities, defect density in the absorber, interface defect densities, and working temperature point, we predict that the CCSCNC solar cell with the FTO/TiO2 /CCSCNCs/Cu2 O/Au structure can attain a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.07% at 300 K
We numerically explored the performance of the Cs4 CuSb2 Cl12 nanocrystal solar cell using SCAPS-1D
Summary
Lead-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have witnessed tremendous growth in photovoltaic applications due to their good optical and electrical properties [1]. 25% by 2020, and include methylammonium lead halide (MAPbX3 ) [2]. Despite these exciting developments, PSCs still face some challenges with respect to commercialization, e.g., their stability, and the toxic nature of lead [3,4,5]. PSCs still face some challenges with respect to commercialization, e.g., their stability, and the toxic nature of lead [3,4,5] These challenges can be addressed by developing an inorganic lead-free Perovskite absorbing layer [6,7]. Ge2+ and Sn2+ are highly susceptible to being oxidized to the tetravalent state (Ge 4+ , 4.0/)
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