Abstract
Jet impingement has been effective in reducing the process time and improvement of product quality in various industrial applications, such as textile and paper drying, electronic cooling, glass quenching and food processing. The current work applied innovative steam injection to liquid food continuous sterilization. The multiple impingement jets of steam and product came together in the impingement tank. The effects were investigated on the Reynolds number, steam temperature and jet-to-target spacing (H/d), sterilization temperature and heat transfer efficiency in water and pineapple juice tests. The Reynolds number was based on the nozzle configuration and liquid flow rate. The study investigated product injection plates formed using two, three or four circular holes (diameter 2 mm), steam injection plates with six, nine or twenty circular holes (diameter 1 mm), steam temperatures of 120, 125 or 130 °C and H/d values of 1, 3, 5 or 7. The different options were tested with water to determine the optimal conditions, and then tested with pineapple juice. The results showed that the optimal conditions from water testing that provided the highest heat transfer efficiency occurred with two jet nozzles, six steam injection plates, a steam temperature of 120 °C and an H/d value of 1.
Highlights
In the continuous sterilization of liquid foods, thermal damage to the product is minimized by using the highest possible temperature for the shortest time needed to achieve the required sterilizing effect
Our results indicated the highest heat transfer efficiency was produced using jet nozzle numbers for product and steam of 2 × 6, H/d = 1 and t/d = 5.5 with a high Reynolds number
This paper discussed the effect of the Reynolds Number and the dimensionless jet-totarget distance, H/d, on sterilization temperature and heat transfer efficiency
Summary
In the continuous sterilization of liquid foods, thermal damage to the product is minimized by using the highest possible temperature for the shortest time needed to achieve the required sterilizing effect. The types of heat exchanger available can be subdivided according to the form taken by the heat transfer surface as plate, tubular, or scraped-surface heat exchangers. Heat transfer efficiency is significantly reduced by fouling on the hot surface [4]. This results in increased costs of energy to overcome the thermal resistance of the fouling layer, for cleaning in terms of the amount of chemical used for wastewater disposal, and in reduced processing times due to cleaning downtime [3]
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