Design and development of biomass gasifier reactor to produce syngas

Abstract

Gasification process is strongly influenced by the gasifier reactor to produce syngas. This study aims to design and make an updraft type of gasifier reactor without blower so that it does not require electric power in its operation, but use power from engine suction. This gasifier design is suitable for small scale power plants which are not connected to the main electricity network (off-grid system) in rural and remote areas. Materials used in manufacturing the gasifier reactor are consist of type 304 3 mm stainless steel, 3 mm diameter of stainless steel pipe, 3 mm iron plate, and fire cement. The experiment and test results show that the highest efficient and the most optimal biomass in the gasification process is coconut shell charcoal, because coconut shell charcoal has a dense structure and at the time of the experiment, coconut shell charcoal was filled 15 cm below the gas outlet pipe hole. From the economic value of the gasifier reactor that has been produced, the lowest cost result is diesel with EFB charcoal, because in this experiment EFB is the biomass that is not purchased. The additional use of empty bunches of charcoal is able to save 50% diesel usage