Design and Application in Delivery System of Intranasal Antidepressants.

Jingying Xu,Jiangang Tao,Jidong Wang

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.626882

Jingying Xu, Jiangang Tao + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.626882

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Abstract

One of the major reasons why depressed patients fail their treatment course is the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which prevents drugs from being delivered to the central nervous system (CNS). In recent years, nasal drug delivery has achieved better systemic bioavailability and activity in low doses in antidepressant treatment. In this review, we focused on the latest strategies for delivery carriers (or formation) of intranasal antidepressants. We began this review with an overview of the nasal drug delivery systems, including nasal drug delivery route, absorption mechanism, advantages, and limitations in the nasal drug delivery route. Next, we introduced the development of nasal drug delivery devices, such as powder devices, liquid-based devices, and so on. Finally, intranasal delivery carriers of antidepressants in clinical studies, including nanogels, nanostructured lipid, liposomes nanoparticles, nanoemulsions/microemulsion, were summarized. Moreover, challenges and future perspectives on recent progress of intranasal delivery carriers in antidepressant treatments were discussed.

Highlights

Depression is a state of low mood and aversion to activity that can affect a person’s thoughts, behavior, feelings, physical well-being, and circadian rhythm
Why is this the case? One of the major reasons patients fail in their treatment course is the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which is the bottleneck of drug delivery for the central nervous system (CNS)
Direct intranasal drug transportation to the brain has been highlighted as a potential strategy for addressing antidepressant therapy, because it would break through the bottleneck of the blood-brain barrier and enhance targeting ability

Summary

Introduction

Depression is a state of low mood and aversion to activity that can affect a person’s thoughts, behavior, feelings, physical well-being, and circadian rhythm. An intranasal drug delivery system offers a non-invasive, effective, reliable, direct, and alternative route to the CNS via the neural connections between the nasal mucosa and the brain (Graff and Pollack, 2005), which is one of the most permeable and highly vascularized sited for drug administration and the onset for therapeutic action (Illum, 2000; Thorne and Frey, 2001).

Results

Conclusion