Design and Analysis of Slotted Ground Rectangular Patch Antenna with a stub for Ultra-wideband Applications

Abstract

The antenna presented in this letter is a rectangular patch whose length is greater than width ( $\mathbf{Lp} > \mathbf{Wp}$ ) and occupies the volume of $9.4\times 8.2\times 0.1 \mathbf{mm}^{3}$ . The antenna is fed by a co-planar waveguide (CPW) feed line of $4.5\times 1.9 \mathbf{mm}^{2}$ . A rectangular stub of an area of $3\times 1 \mathbf{mm}^{2}$ is attached to the patch to improve the impedance matching and radiation efficiency, but decreases −10 dB bandwidth (BW). A rectangular ground plane which is slotted with the dimensions $27.1 \times 40.1$ mm2 to enhance the BW of the antenna is printed on the top of the dielectric substrate. An FR-4 substrate material, which has the relative permittivity of 4.3 ( $\boldsymbol{\varepsilon}_{\mathbf{r}}=4.3$ ), permeability of $1(\boldsymbol{\mu}=1)$ and El.Tan $\boldsymbol{\delta}=0.025$ , is used. The substrate occupies the volume of $50\times 50\times 1.6 \mathbf{mm}^{3}$ . This antenna is operating in the range of 2 to 11.05 GHz frequency, which covers the whole ultra wideband(UWB-3.1 to 10.6 GHz) and also operates at 3.4GHz(Worldwide interoperability Microwave Access-WiMAX) and 5.2 GHz(IEEE S02.11a Wireless Local Area Network(WLAN)) frequencies. The performance of the antenna is validated by examining the return loss (S11), Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), gain and radiation patterns. The parametric analysis is also performed and surface current distribution at various frequencies was observed. The antenna is designed, simulated and analyzed by Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software.