Design and analysis of photonic beam forming system using ring resonator for 1×4 phase array antenna in Ka-Band

Abstract

In the next fifth-generation (5G) and sixth-generation (6G) wireless cellular networks, the millimeter-wave band presents new possibilities for extremely strong data transfer speeds and extensive network connectivity. Millimeter waves, on the other hand, suffer from a large loss of propagation, which is the most severe obstacle. Utilizing beamforming with several antennas is a helpful solution to this problem, which may be overcome. In this article, a concept for an integrated photonic beamforming system is presented using ring resonator for 1 4 phase array antenna in Ka-Band. Signal operating at 28GHz is based on waveguide technology. The micro-ring resonator is utilized so that the actual time delay line can be achieved. The mathematical analysis and design of the beam forming structure are presented after that It was possible to produce a group delay of 250 ps, 500 ps, 750 ps, and 1000 ps delay of the proposed different cascaded architecture of ring resonator as a delay element which corresponds to a beam directing angle of 30° , 90° , 11.5° , 8.62° degrees respectively.