Abstract
This paper presents the design of a multiband microstrip patch antenna operating at seven frequencies i.e. 2.4 (Lower Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), 5.3 (Wireless local area network (WLAN)) and 9.1-10.2 GHz (X-band) frequency bands. The radiating element of the antenna is backed by a 1.6 mm thicker FR4-epoxy substrate having a dielectric constant of 4.4 and loss tangent $\delta= 0.02$ . The antenna is fed through a $50 \Omega$ microstrip line. The shape of the radiating element is derived from the basic rectangular shape by inserting a circular hole inside a rectangular patch antenna. During simulation, the antenna exhibit hexa band with $\mathrm{S}11 bandwidth of about 4.76% (4.1- 4.3 GHz), 4.71 % (5.21- 5.43 GHz), 16.27 % (6.55-7.25 GHz), 1.83 % (7.02-7.15 GHz), 0.87 % (9.07-9.15 GHz) and 4.90 % (10.02- 10.5 GHz) under simulation. The antenna gives an acceptable simulated efficiency $> 70\%$ in the seven frequency bands. Suitable gains of 0.25, 0.43, 2.73, 1.98, 1.77 and 1.93 dB are obtained at 4.2, 5.3, 6.8, 7.1, 9.1 and 10.2 GHz, respectively. The antenna matched with a $\mathrm{VSWR} in the seven frequency bands. The antenna exhibits good impedance matching, radiation characteristics and gain across their operational bandwidths.
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