Abstract
BackgroundIsoflurane and sevoflurane protect lungs with ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury. We examined the influence of desflurane on IR lung injury using isolated rabbit lungs perfused with a physiological salt solution.MethodsThe isolated lungs were divided into three groups: IR, desflurane-treated ischemia–reperfusion (DES-IR), and ventilation/perfusion-continued control (Cont) groups (n = 6 per group). In the DES-IR group, inhalation of desflurane at 1 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) was conducted in a stable 30-min phase. In the IR and DES-IR groups, ventilation/perfusion was stopped for 75 min after the stable phase. Subsequently, they were resumed. Each lung was placed on a balance, and weighed. Weight changes were measured serially throughout this experiment. The coefficient of filtration (Kfc) was determined immediately before ischemia and 60 min after reperfusion. Furthermore, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected from the right bronchus at the completion of the experiment. After the completion of the experiment, the left lung was dried, and the lung wet-to-dry weight ratio (W/D) was calculated.ResultsThe Kfc values at 60 min after perfusion were 0.40 ± 0.13 ml/min/mmHg/100 g in the DES-IR group, 0.26 ± 0.07 ml/min/mmHg/100 g in the IR group, and 0.22 ± 0.08 (mean ± SD) ml/mmHg/100 g in the Cont group. In the DES-IR group, the Kfc at 60 min after the start of reperfusion was significantly higher than in the other groups. In the DES-IR group, W/D was significantly higher than in the Cont group. In the DES-IR group, the BALF concentrations of nitric oxide metabolites were significantly higher than in the other groups. In the DES-IR group, the total amount of vascular endothelial growth factor in BALF was significantly higher than in the Cont group.ConclusionsThe pre-inhalation of desflurane at 1 MAC exacerbates pulmonary IR injury in isolated/perfused rabbit lungs.
Highlights
Isoflurane and sevoflurane protect lungs with ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury
Using isolated/perfused rabbit lungs, we examined the influence of desflurane on lungs with ischemia–reperfusion injury
We investigated the influence of desflurane on the lungs with ischemia–reperfusion injury using isolated/perfused rabbit lungs
Summary
Isoflurane and sevoflurane protect lungs with ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury. We examined the influence of desflurane on IR lung injury using isolated rabbit lungs perfused with a physiological salt solution. Many studies reported that volatile anesthetics play a protective role against myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury. The cardioprotective actions of these anesthetics are stated in the “ACC/AHA Guidelines for Perioperative Cardiovascular Assessment and Management after. Some articles have reported the protective actions of volatile anesthetics against pulmonary ischemia–reperfusion injury (Liu et al 1999, 2000). Ischemia–reperfusion injury of the organs occurs through anoxia-reoxygenation. Anoxia rapidly decreases the level of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), leading to the generation of hypoxanthine. Reoxygenation promotes the production of reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyradicals
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