Abstract
ABSTRACT Samples of eggs, newly hatched larvae (NHL), and larvae at the end of the lecithotrophic period (eight days after hatching) (LPL) of Lophiosilurus alexandri were collected to determine the amino acid and fatty acid profiles. Crude protein did not change throughout initial development and the concentration of lipids was highest in NHL. The content of the indispensable amino acids (IAA) isoleucine, leucine, and valine decreased in LPL, while in eggs and NHL they remained high and similar in value. The dispensable amino acids (DAA), such as aspartic acid, tyrosine, and glycine, increased in LPL, while alanine decreased. The percentage of neutral lipids increased in LPL. The saturated fatty acid content decreased during ontogeny, while monounsaturated fatty acids decreased only in LPL. The polyunsaturated fatty acid content was highest in LP. Polar fatty acids were found in higher percentages in eggs and NHL, but lower in LPL. Saturated fatty acid content decreased during ontogenetic development, while that of monounsaturated fatty acids decreased only in LPL. Polyunsaturated fatty acid content was highest in LPL. Protein content was maintained during ontogenetic development, while amino acid classes experienced changes. Lophiosilurus alexandri preferentially uses saturated and monosaturated fatty acids as an energy source during its early development.
Highlights
Material and MethodsFrom embryogenesis until first feeding all the nutrients required for larval growth, cell differentiation, and metabolism originate from yolk-sac reserves (Tocher, 2010)
The content of the indispensable amino acids (IAA) isoleucine, leucine, and valine decreased in lecitotrophic larval period (LPL), while in eggs and newly hatched larvae (NHL) they remained high and similar in value
Percentages of neutral lipids (NL) were higherst for LPL, while lower and similar percentages were observed for NHL and eggs (P < 0.0001)
Summary
Material and MethodsFrom embryogenesis until first feeding all the nutrients required for larval growth, cell differentiation, and metabolism originate from yolk-sac reserves (Tocher, 2010). The composition of the profile of amino acids in larval tissue provides relevant information for understanding the nutritional requirements of larvae at the beginning of exogenous feeding (Gurure et al, 2007; Saavedra et al, 2015). Lipids and their constituent fatty acids (FA) are the second most abundant component of the egg, after proteins (Tocher, 2010). The profiles of AA and FA in eggs and larvae have been used as indicators of the nutritional quality of fish larvae (Tong et al, 2017) and to estimate nutrient requirement indexes for young stages (Saavedra et al, 2015)
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