Abstract
Recent patents on water desalination by using renewable energy technologies are critically reviewed with highlighting on environmental impacts and sustainable development. An overview of using wind, hydroelectric, wave and tidal, wind/solar, geothermal, and solar renewable energy technologies for desalinated water production are assessed. Solar energy is the mother of all other renewable energies; it does not pollute, it is free and available everywhere. Several patents have been invented systems and methods that collected and converted solar energy to electrical energy via solar energy which can be used for water desalination. Wind farm with wind-driven pressurizing devices is used to desalinate salt water by reverse osmosis. Geothermal has been used as an effective method for water desalination. It is highly recommended to provide seawater desalination powered by a renewable energy source in remote areas. On the other hand, sequentially staged of energy conversion steps operate at low efficiencies.
Highlights
Recent patents on water desalination by using renewable energy technologies are critically reviewed with highlighting on environmental impacts and sustainable development
The aforementioned multiple effect distiller (MED) system was evolved to operate using solar energy under Jordanian conditions, and a computer program is proposed for the prediction of water amount that the MED system can produce at 10 different sites distributed all over the country, based on available solar radiation data and salinity of the feed water (TDS of 3000, 5000, 7000, and 10,000 mg/L)
Geothermal has been used as an effective method for water desalination
Summary
Recent patents on water desalination by using renewable energy technologies are critically reviewed with highlighting on environmental impacts and sustainable development. This invention desalinates seawater to produce fresh water by using recycled materials and solar energy. Braune [17] provided an apparatus and method to reduce the net energy used in desalinating water and to provide a feasible salinity gradient power plant.
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