Abstract
In this work, a new methodology is proposed in order to derive vertical total electron content (VTEC) maps from the radiometric measurements of the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission as an alternative approach to those based on external databases and models. This approach uses spatiotemporal filtering techniques with optimized filters to be robust against the thermal noise and image reconstruction artifacts present in SMOS images. It is also possible to retrieve the Faraday rotation angle from the recovered VTEC maps in order to correct the effect that it causes in the SMOS brightness temperatures.
Highlights
Over the past few years, the earth has been undergoing significant climate change and extreme weather events
In this work, a new methodology is proposed in order to derive vertical total electron content (VTEC) maps from the radiometric measurements of the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission as an alternative approach to those based on external databases and models
The results show a good performance, but the faraday rotation angle (FRA) at boresight is not representative for the entire SMOS field of view as shown in [10]
Summary
Over the past few years, the earth has been undergoing significant climate change and extreme weather events. At the SMOS operating frequency (1.4135 GHz), the Faraday rotation is not negligible and must be compensated for to get accurate geophysical retrievals It can be estimated using a classical formulation [7] that makes use of total electron content (TEC) and geomagnetic field data provided by external sources. The Faraday rotation angle can alternatively be retrieved from the SMOS radiometric data This is possible thanks to improvements in the image reconstruction algorithms developed in the last few years, regarding the third and fourth Stokes parameters [6]. The possibility of retrieving the Faraday rotation from SMOS radiometric data opens up the opportunity to estimate the total electron content of the ionosphere by using an inversion procedure from the measured rotation angle in the SMOS field of view.
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