Derivative and Integral Operators

Abstract

The branch potential and flow signals represent the system state space in the Verilog-A behavioral models. The state of a system is defined at every moment in time by a finite number of equations involving not only algebraic relationships of signal values but also differentiation and integration operations on the instantaneous values of the branch signals. To this end, Verilog-A provides time derivative and integral operators which can be used in procedural expressions. There is also a special application of time derivative and integral operators in indirect contribution equations. The additional probe derivative operator allows to access the first-order partial derivatives of any expression in the model with respect to branch signals.